Increased human presence may function as a deterrence of large carnivores. In a Canadian study (Louchouarn and Treves 2023) cattle herds were guarded by several range riders in contrast to one range rider in control, that supervise herd every 1-3 days in contrast to control with supervision every 9 days. As no predation occurred in neither treatment nor control herds, no effect of the increased supervision could be determined from this study.
