An alert system is based on the notion that carnivores are detected as they approach livestock herds, at which point livestock owners are alerted to carnivore presence and have the possibility to act. Detection can be made through various means. In a study by Weise et al. (2019) the positions of GPS-collared lions (Panthera leo) were shared with villages and cattle posts in Botswana as the lions breached a preprogrammed virtual boundary. Not all lions in the area were collared, yet the relative risk of livestock losses was lower in villages where the alert system was used (RR = 0.50) in comparison to the control.
